The technique of pigeon photography was invented in 1907 by the German chemist Julius Neubronner. Julius Neubronner made a miniature camera weighing only dozens of grams from aluminum, which was hung around the pigeon's chest. After a long period of adjustment and improvement, he eventually created five different models of cameras. The specially designed camera film for pigeons was trimmed down to 30 mm × 60 mm, with a shutter speed ranging from 1/60 to 1/100 second.