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Mice implanted with gut bacteria from obese humans get fatter and gain more fat than mice implanted with gut bacteria from lean humans, according to a study in the journal Science. The finding suggests that in specific dietary conditions, physiological and metabolic traits related to body composition can be transmitted by gut microbial communities in rodents.

Previous studies have shown that a low diversity of microbial genes in human guts can influence obesity; besides, fruits and vegetables etc. high-fiber food promote such diversity. However, this new study directly shows that gut microbiota can transmit physiological traits of being lean or obese.